Acute aquatic toxicity of arsenic-based chemical warfare agents to Daphnia magna
نویسندگان
چکیده
Sea dumping of chemical warfare (CW) took place worldwide during the 20th century. Submerged CW included metal bombs and casings that have been exposed for 50–100 years corrosion are now known to be leaking. Therefore, arsenic-based agents (CWAs), pose a potential threat marine ecosystems. The aim this research was support need real-data measurements accurate risk assessments categorization threats originating from submerged CWAs. This has achieved by providing broad insight into CWAs acute toxicity in aquatic Standard tests were performed provide solid foundation threshold estimations CWA: Lewisite, Adamsite, Clark I, phenyldichloroarsine (PDCA), CWA-related compounds: TPA, arsenic trichloride four CWA degradation products. Despite their low solubility, 48 h exposure, all caused highly negative effects on Daphnia magna. PDCA very toxic with D. magna LC50 at 0.36 ?g × L?1 Lewisite EC50 3.2 L?1. Concentrations which no immobilization observed slightly above analytical Limits Detection (LOD) Quantification (LOQ). More water-soluble products showed concentrations up 100 mg
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Aquatic Toxicology
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['0166-445X', '1879-1514']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105693